Group III=highly refined mineral oils that technically match "synthetic" base oils and are marketed as "synthetics."
Group IV= polyalpha olefins, the original and classic synthetic base oil
Group V= all others, which includes the large family of esters
The answer to your question is "no."
Soapbox: looking for types of base oils is like choosing between types of bottled water. They all flow and are clean. While water is essential, the vitamins and supplements provide the long term benefits. Looking for the "additives" is important!
Less expensive synthetics will be using Group III. Mobil has historically used Group IV, although I hear now in not all their M1 products? Motul uses a large percentage of Group V and some oils will use small amounts of Group V blended with Group IV.
A 5W-xx is a 5W-xx no matter what the base oil. A xxW-40 is a xxW-40 no matter what. Because of the higher viscosity index, formulating a 5W-40 with synthetics is feasible, doing so with a mineral oil is really not.
The additives provide the wear protection and cleanliness, the base oils do not. Arguments that there is a "shortfall" in some base oil performance feature are countered by taking care of them with additives.
Exotic and expensive base oils like esters can claim they are more attracted to metal surfaces and therefore provide a form of friction or wear benefit that other base oils don't. In the real world this is hard to quantify because to be accurate, the "test" engine has to have been in a situation where the danger was imminent, the situation has to be repeated with different base oils, and the situation has to have a better result with the ester vs. the other oils. I am sure that someone will say their engine survived something with esters and failed with others... hopefully if the engine failed there were many changes made to avoid the problem, not just an oil change.
Directionally a lower "W" number is always good because the oil flows faster and takes less HP to circulate. The second number needs to be sufficient to provide enough bearing film thickness when in a hydrodynamic situation. The more round the bearing and journal, the thinner the oil can be - new HEMI engines use a 5W20, Vipers were recommended to use 10W30. Perhaps a xxW-40 is more than sufficient and probably a xxW-50 is more than needed.
More additives are better. My broken record is since diesel engines have long drains, run 85% load for almost all day, and are very well tested, that oils with diesel performance are strong. So at the end of the day, you can conclude that a 15W40 (mineral) or 5W40 (synthetic) diesel oil, or a 5W40 or 0W40 gasoline engine oil with ACEA European performance (because that includes diesel claims since many passenger cars in Europe are diesels) are all very good choices.
They can't all be slight of hand. I believe you even called my oil sample more 'robust' than a Mobil 1 sample which had far fewer and no hard miles........many years ago now. I took that as an 'oil compliment' 
